What is Scaffolding?
Scaffold is an elevated
temporary work platform used for supporting workers, materials and both.
Parts
of Scaffolding
- Standard
- Ledger
- Transom
- Cross Bracing
- Top Rail
- Mid Rail
- Toe Board
- Brick Guard
- Base Plate & Sole Plate
• Supported
scaffolds, which
consist of one or more platforms supported by rigid, load- bearing members,
such as poles, legs, frames, outriggers, etc.
• Suspended
scaffolds, which
are one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non-rigid, overhead
support.
• Other
scaffolds,
principally man lifts, personnel hoists, etc., which are sometimes thought of
as vehicles or machinery, but can be regarded as another type of supported
scaffold.
•
Braced to prevent collapse.
•
Casters and wheels locked to
prevent movement while in a stationary position.
•
Platforms must not extend
beyond the base supports of the scaffold, unless stability is ensured.
•
Not allowed to ride on
scaffolds unless the surface on which scaffold is being moved is free of pits,
holes and obstructions.
Suspended
Scaffold Safety
•
Counterweights secured, and not
removed until scaffold disassembled
•
Tiebacks secured to sound
anchorage on the building or structure
Aerial
Lift
•
Ensure proper fall protection
prior to using
•
Includes use of guardrails
•
Never exceed load capacity
•
Do not move lift truck with
workers in basket unless adequately designed (upper controls – personnel
carriers)
•
Brakes set for outrigger use
(wheels chocked)
Displaying
of Tag
• RED scaffold tag (holder) to be built into scaffold, near each point
of access, by scaffold craftsmen
• Only qualified scaffold craftsmen are allowed on a scaffold with a RED scaffold tag
If Scaffold EQUAL TO or LESS
THAN 6 meters (20
feet) high:
• Scaffold Supervisor signs GREEN or YELLOW scaffold tag
and prints date when next inspection is due
• “Date of next inspection” must not be more than 2 weeks ahead
• Supervisor inserts the signed GREEN or YELLOW tag into
the RED holder
• Scaffold Inspector inspects scaffold
• As soon as possible after Scaffold
Supervisor’s inspection
• Scaffold Inspector also fills in and signs separate “Scaffold Field
Inspection Checklist”
• Inspector gives this checklist to Work Permit Issuer’s unit, who
will keep it until scaffold is taken down
• If Scaffold Inspector agrees that scaffold is safe to use, he will:
•
Fill in and sign GREEN
or YELLOW scaffold tag
Scaffold
Erection Requirement
•
Only competent &
experienced person must be permitted to erect & dismantle the scaffolding
at site.
•
Guardrails, mid rails & toe
boards must be placed on all open side of platforms more than 1.2 meters above
ground (or) floor.
•
The top rail must be placed
approximately 1200 mm high from the platform.
•
The mid rail must be placed
approximately 600 mm high from the platform.
•
The toe board must be placed
approximately 300 mm from the platform.
•
All scaffolds shall be provided
with an access ladder that extends to at least 1 meter above the platform.
•
Platforms should be 220mm wide
& 25mm thick and it should be tightened with scaffolding to prevent
movements in high winds.
•
Scaffolds should be cleaned
after the completion of work.
•
Should be on a firm foundation
with base plates.
•
Should be properly braced &
tied up.
•
Should have a properly
tightened platform.
•
Should have guardrails over 1.2
meters.
•
Should have adequate means of
ingress & egress.
•
Must be able to support its own
weight and 4 times the maximum intended load.
•
Scaffolds must be designed by a
qualified person.
•
Any
scaffold damaged or weakened from any cause shall be immediately repaired and
shall not be used until repairs have been completed.
Planking
•
All
planking or platforms shall be overlapped (minimum 12 inches) or secured from
movement.
•
Scaffold
planks shall extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than
18 inches.
Platform
Construction
•
No paint on wood platforms,
except edges that may be marked for identification.
•
Fully planked.
•
No mixed components, unless
compatible and integrity maintained.
•
No modification of mixed
components unless approved by competent person.
Common
Scaffold Safety Tips
•
Never use scaffolds that do not
have proper guardrails installed
•
Must bear on adequate
foundations
•
Unstable objects will not be
used as working platforms
•
Lifeline support must be
checked for compatibility prior to use.
•
Must have safe access
•
Cross-braces prohibited as
means of access
•
Rest platforms required at 35
feet intervals
•
Slip-resistant on all steps and
landings
Restrictions
•
Don’t overloaded.
•
Don’t Erect & move near
power lines .
•
Repair damaged components.
•
Restrict horizontal movement of
workers unless provided with fall protection.
•
Prohibit work activities during
high winds unless authorized.
•
Remove whole scaffold from
service until repaired.
Note – Scaffolds must be erected 10 feet
away of the overhead power line with 300
volts to 50KV.
Training
Required
Employees must receive training from qualified person that covers:
• Nature of hazards, electrical, falls, and falling items
• Use of scaffold / handling
• Maximum intended load and load carrying capabilities of scaffold
• Procedures for setup, dismantling or moving the system
In
General
•
Follow
the manufacturer's instructions when erecting the scaffold.
•
Do
not work on scaffolds outside during stormy or windy weather.
•
Do
not climb on scaffolds that wobble or lean to one side.
•
Initially
inspect the scaffold prior to mounting it. Do not use a scaffold if any pulley,
block, hook or fitting is visibly worn, cracked, rusted or otherwise damaged.
•
Do
not use any scaffold tagged "Out of Service".
•
Do
not work on platforms or scaffolds unless they are fully planked.
•
Do
not use a scaffold unless guardrails and all flooring are in place.
•
Do
not walk or work beneath a scaffold unless a wire mesh has been installed
between the top rail and the toe board or planking.
•
Use
your safety belts and lanyards when working on scaffolding at a height.
•
Attach
the lanyard to a secure member of the scaffold.
•
Do
not climb the cross braces for access to the scaffold. Use the ladder.
•
Do
not jump from, to, or between scaffolding.
•
Do
not move a mobile scaffold if anyone is on the scaffold.
•
Chock
the wheels of the rolling scaffold, using the wheel blocks, and also lock the
wheels by using your foot to depress the wheel-lock, before using the scaffold.
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